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. 2021 Sep 10;19:230. doi: 10.1186/s12916-021-02094-2

Table 5.

Health worker and patient cost by disease condition based on measured time involvement (US$ 2020). Mean costs and 95% confidence intervals are given in parentheses

Provider HIV only Diabetes Hypertension HIV + diabetes HIV + hypertension Diabetes + hypertension HIV + diabetes + hypertension
Clinician $1.70 (1.49, 2.08) $1.96 (1.49, 2.37) $1.59 (1.32, 2.00) $1.92 (1.68, 2.18) $1.82 (1.41, 2.59) $1.45 (1.16, 1.69) $2.25 (1.52, 2.81)
Technician $0.43 (0.33, 0.60) $0.79 (0.55, 1.16) $0.41 (0.20, 0.61) $0.60 (0.54, 0.71) $0.76 (0.55, 0.93) $0.59 (0.43, 0.96) $1.05 (0.55, 1.61)
Nurse $0.54 (0.35, 0.71) $0.56 (0.36, 0.74) $0.44 (0.26, 0.65) $0.48 (0.36, 0.55) $0.99 (0.49, 1.58) $0.32 (0.20, 0.45) $0.49 (0.42, 0.56)
Pharmacist $0.34 (0.23, 0.43) $0.58 (0.30, 0.78) $0.50 (0.41, 0.63) $0.37 (0.15, 0.76) $0.49 (0.27, 0.99) $0.34 (0.15, 0.51) $0.16 (0.12, 0.21)
Triage $0.93 (0.56, 1.37) $0.96 (0.62, 1.44) $0.71 (0.47, 0.90) $0.41 (0.18, 0.61) $0.92 (0.35, 2.35) $0.50 (0.33, 0.75) $1.72 (0.30, 2.60)
Patient $1.42 (0.85, 2.42) $1.26 (1.13, 1.47) $1.86 (1.35, 2.91) $1.44 (0.95, 2.13) $1.05 (0.67, 1.37) $1.57 (1.17, 2.42) $1.59 (0.99, 2.63)