Table 1.
Diabetic status and the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and comorbidities in people with and without LVH (N = 14,852).
| Euglycemia (N = 9426) | Prediabetes (N = 4128) | T2DM (N = 1316) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| no LVH | LVH | no LVH | LVH | no LVH | LVH | |
| Age (years), mean (SD) | 51.4 (10.6) | 57.8 (10.9) | 58.7 (9.8) | 62.8 (8.4) | 62.4 (8.5) | 64.9 (7.5) |
| Female sex, % (n) | 50.7 (4310) | 50.8 (439) | 49.3 (1713) | 54.3 (335) | 35.9 (356) | 45.8 (142) |
| Traditional cardiovascular risk factors | ||||||
| Active smoking, % (n) | 19.2 (1629) | 17.7 (152) | 22.0 (761) | 16.9 (104) | 15.8 (156) | 16.9 (52) |
| Arterial Hypertension, % (n) | 38.9 (3306) | 63.4 (548) | 56.7 (1968) | 75.0 (463) | 77.9 (772) | 87.4 (271) |
| Dyslipidemia, % (n) | 34.8 (2958) | 43.8 (378) | 52.8 (1831) | 59.9 (369) | 75.3 (745) | 79.6 (246) |
| FH of MI/stroke, % (n) | 20.3 (1724) | 24.3 (210) | 23.2 (805) | 26.4 (163) | 27.1 (269) | 28.4 (88) |
| Obesity, % (n) | 17.7 (1500) | 27.9 (241) | 28.9 (1004) | 38.7 (239) | 52.5 (520) | 63.9 (198) |
| Comorbidities | ||||||
| Atrial fibrillation, % (n) | 1.6 (133) | 5.4 (47) | 2.7 (95) | 8.4 (52) | 4.6 (46) | 9.7 (30) |
| Chronic kidney disease, % (n) | 0.9 (73) | 1.7 (15) | 1.1 (37) | 0.6 (4) | 1.7 (17) | 2.3 (7) |
| Congestive heart failure, % (n) | 0.6 (49) | 3.1 (27) | 1.4 (48) | 4.2 (26) | 1.8 (18) | 8.1 (25) |
| Coronary artery disease, % (n) | 1.9 (158) | 6.0 (52) | 5.1 (176) | 11.3 (70) | 11.2 (111) | 20.0 (62) |
| Myocardial infarction, % (n) | 1.2 (99) | 4.4 (38) | 3.4 (117) | 8.6 (53) | 7.4 (73) | 16.1 (50) |
| Peripheral artery disease, % (n) | 2.0 (173) | 3.2 (28) | 4.2 (147) | 5.7 (35) | 7.5 (74) | 10.6 (33) |
| Stroke, % (n) | 1.1 (93) | 2.1 (18) | 2.3 (80) | 2.4 (15) | 4.4 (44) | 6.5 (20) |
| Venous thromboembolism, % (n) | 2.9 (248) | 4.6 (39) | 5.1 (176) | 7.2 (44) | 5.6 (55) | 6.8 (21) |
| Echocardiographic measurements | ||||||
| Left ventricular mass index (g/m2.7), median (Q1/Q3) |
34.1 (29.0/39.3) |
52.4 (48.1/57.9) |
36.6 (31.4/41.9) |
54.5 (50.4/60.8) |
39.8 (33.7/45.6) |
59.3 (54.0/66.8) |
| Relative wall thickness, median (Q1/Q3) |
0.38 (0.34/0.44) |
0.43 (0.38/0.50) |
0.39 (0.34/0.45) |
0.43 (0.38/0.49) |
0.42 (0.37/0.48) |
0.44 (0.38/0.50) |
Discrete variables are expressed as relative and absolute frequencies; continuous variables are provided according to distribution as mean with standard deviation or median with interquartile range. LVH, left ventricular hypertrophy. FH of MI/stroke, family history of myocardial infarction or stroke. SD, standard deviation. T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus.