Table 3. Comparison of quantitative changes in metabolic and aging biomarkers between the equol supplementation group and the control group.
| Primary measures | (n) | Baseline | 12 weeks | p-valuea | Median change | p-valueb |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Median (IQR) | Median (IQR) | |||||
| Skin autofluorescence | 0.13 | |||||
| Control | (30) | 2.2 (2.0–2.3) | 2.3 (2.1–2.4) | 0.268 | 0.05 | |
| Equol | (27) | 2.1 (1.9–2.4) | 2.2 (1.9–2.3) | 0.402 | 0 | |
| Visceral fat | 0.234 | |||||
| Control | (30) | 70.1 (32.5–98.0) | 63.8 (28.5–92.1) | 0.023 | -5.35 | |
| Equol | (27) | 46.5 (33.8–85.7) | 49.5 (28.5–83.2) | 0.136 | -2.5 | |
| PWV | ||||||
| Control | (30) | 1251 (1118–1398) | 1228 (1167–1422) | 0.877 | 7 | |
| Equol | (27) | 1224 (1171–1367) | 1294 (1193–1431) | 0.746 | -5.5 | |
| SBP | 0.227 | |||||
| Control | (30) | 118 (101–125) | 114 (99–128) | 0.877 | 1.5 | |
| Equol | (27) | 114 104–126) | 108 (97–118) | 0.206 | -1 | |
| DBP | 0.198 | |||||
| Control | (30) | 70 (63–82) | 72 (69–84) | 0.016 | 4 | |
| Equol | (27) | 70 (66–74) | 70 (62–77) | 0.979 | 0 | |
| Total cholesterol | 0.701 | |||||
| Control | (30) | 216 (196–240) | 208 (199–226) | 0.065 | 0 | |
| Equol | (27) | 214 (200–266) | 208 (195–256) | 0.031 | -9 | |
| Triglycerides | 0.209 | |||||
| Control | (30) | 74 (52–111) | 71 (50–102) | 0.779 | 0.5 | |
| Equol | (27) | 70 (48–93) | 84 (58–106) | 0.038 | 9 | |
| HDL-C | 0.917 | |||||
| Control | (30) | 71 (62–93) | 67 (59–89) | 0.005 | -3 | |
| Equol | (27) | 77 (65–83) | 71 (62–79) | 0.001 | -4 | |
| LDL-C | 0.362 | |||||
| Control | (30) | 121 (94–143) | 117 (100–144) | 0.863 | 0.5 | |
| Equol | (27) | 133 (101–162) | 134 (102–160) | 0.226 | -1 | |
| Uric acid | 0.245 | |||||
| Control | (30) | 4.6 (4.1–5.9) | 4.3 (3.8–5.5) | 0.088 | -0.2 | |
| Equol | (27) | 4.1 (3.9–4.9) | 4.4 (3.9–5.0) | 0.989 | 0 | |
| HbA1c | 0.354 | |||||
| Control | (30) | 5.7 (5.5–5.8) | 5.6 (5.5–5.8) | 0.679 | -0.05 | |
| Equol | (27) | 5.8 (5.6–6.0) | 5.8 (5.6–6.0) | 0.514 | 0 | |
| PTH | 0.074 | |||||
| Control | (30) | 45.5 (36.0–56.8) | 54.5 (45.8–71.0) | p<0.001 | 10.5 | |
| Equol | (27) | 45.0 (32.0–51.0) | 56.0 (47.0–65.0) | p<0.002 | 14 | |
| Vitamin D | 0.342 | |||||
| Control | (30) | 13.7 (12.9–17.6) | 12.0 (8.8–17.6) | 0.071 | -2.45 | |
| Equol | (27) | 15.9 (13.5–17.8) | 12.4 (10.7–13.9) | 0.002 | -3.6 | |
| BMI | 0.655 | |||||
| Control | (30) | 21.6 (20.0–25.1) | 21.5 (20.1–24.5) | 0.066 | -0.119 | |
| Equol | (27) | 21.2 (20.0–23.7) | 21.2 (20.0–23.2) | 0.186 | -0.0946 |
IQR Interquartile range.
p-valuea Wilcoxon sign rank test.
p-valueb Mann-Whitney test.