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. 2021 Jul 14;13(602):eabi7643. doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abi7643

Fig. 1. Serum NFL is elevated in hospitalized patients with COVID-19.

Fig. 1

(A) Comparison of serum NFL between healthy controls (Controls, N = 55) and hospitalized patients with COVID-19 (mean NFL per patient, N = 142). Bars represent mean NFL concentrations with 95% CIs. Statistical differences were assessed using a stratified van Elteren Wilcoxon rank sum test, where the test was stratified by both age as a four-level categorical variable (based on sample quartiles) and sex. ****P < 0.001. (B) Serum NFL in 35 patients to highlight the range of NFL concentrations in longitudinally collected samples. The first and last NFL concentrations are indicated by a black and red dot, respectively, and mean concentrations for each patient are presented by the small black solid horizontal lines. (C) Serum NFL trends over time in the 35 patients with COVID-19 with longitudinal blood draws and for whom at least one NFL measurement is at least 3 SDs above the group mean of NFL in control individuals. NFL concentrations are shown on the base 10 logarithmic scale. The NFL concentration representing the mean control NFL + 3 SDs is indicated by a solid blue horizontal line.