Table 2.
Investigation, management and final outcome of COVID associated and non-COVID Invasive fungal sinusitis.
| Variables | COVID positive patients (%) (n = 111) |
COVID negative patients (%) (n = 20) |
|---|---|---|
| HbA1C (mean ± SD) | 10.0 ± 2.0 | 9.8 ± 2.3 |
| Known diabetes | 85 (76.57) | 16 (80) |
| Newly diagnosed diabetes | 19 (17.11) | 4 (20) |
| Non-diabetic | 7 (6.30) | 0 |
| Antifungal therapy | ||
| Amphotericin B | 106 (95.49) | 20 (100) |
| Voriconazole | 5 (4.50) | 0 |
| Kidney function test | ||
| Deranged | 10 (9.0) | 3 (15) |
| Normal | 101 (90.99) | 17 (85) |
| Diagnostic nasal endoscopy | ||
| Pale mucosa | 12 (10.81) | 2 (10) |
| Mucopus | 28 (25.22) | 8 (40) |
| Black crusts | 52 (46.84) | 9 (45) |
| Normal | 19 (17.11) | 1 (5) |
| KOH mount | ||
| Aseptate hyphae | 68 (61.26) | 13 (65) |
| Septate hyphae | 24 (21.62) | 2 (10) |
| Normal | 19 (17.11) | 5 (25) |
| Radiological involvement | ||
| Sinonasal | 34 (30.63) | 5 (25) |
| Rhino orbital | 73 (65.76) | 13 (65) |
| Rhino orbitocerebral | 4 (3.60) | 2 (10) |
| Oxygen support | ||
| Yes | 30 (27.02) | 0 |
| No | 81 (72.97) | 20 (100) |
| Ventilator requirement | ||
| Yes | 6 (5.40) | 0 |
| No | 105 (94.59) | 20 (100) |
| Final outcome | ||
| Recovered | 104 (93.69) | 20 (100) |
| Worsened | 1 (0.90) | 0 |
| Fatal | 6 (5.40) | 0 |