Fig. 10. Silk films work as active functional materials for the construction of energy harvesters.

a A silk film-based TENG was applied to power a mechanical microcantilever in our previous work, which is actually the first work that employs silk fibroin as a functional dielectric layer to constitute a triboelectric pair⁴⁷. Reproduced with permission from Elsevier (2016). b A bioabsorbable TENG composed of natural materials (i.e., silk fibroin, cellulose, chitin, egg white, rice paper, etc.) was integrated into a self-powered stimulation system for dysfunctional cardiomyocyte clusters¹⁵³. Reproduced with permission from Wiley (2018). c A double-silk TENG consisting of a regenerative silk fibroin film (RSFF) and a silk nanoribbon film (SNRF) to retain the superior biological properties of silk fibroin was developed¹⁵⁴. Reproduced with permission from Elsevier (2020). d An automatic therapy system for epilepsy was achieved by integrating a silk film-based TENG, a drug-loaded silk film, a wireless emitter, and a heating unit¹⁵⁵. Reproduced with permission from Wiley (2018)