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. 2021 Aug 26;21(17):5753. doi: 10.3390/s21175753
M component matrix
X vector of features
n number of features
Wm eigenvectors
k number of scale features
Psr exposure index for a r-substances
NDSr the highest permissible concentration values of the substance
r¯ average correlation coefficient between all pairs of items
r˙ coefficient of determination
β the criterion of the estimated number of features
Φ(Wm) standard normal distribution function N(0,1)
Ω original data space
Θ transformed data space
feature space D teaching sample
K (x,β) kernel function for PCA methods
GNB Gaussian Naive Bayes
MLP Multi-layer perceptron
k-NN k Nearest Neighbours
SVC Support Vector Classification/Support Vector Machine
CART Classification and Regression Trees
NO no feature extraction
SP scree factor criterion
K Kaiser criterion
Means the use of a proprietary method
PCA Principal Component Analysis
CCPCA Centroid Class Principal Component Analysis
GPCA Gradient Stochastic Principal Component Analysis
KPCA Kernel Principal Component Analysis