DCP-rGO hybrid composites for osteogenesis of MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts. DCP and rGO at concentration ratios of 5:2.5, 5:5, and 5:10 μg/mL were designated as DCP5-rGO2.5, DCP5-rGO5, and DCP5-rGO10, respectively. (A) (From the left) Digital images of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), rGO2.5, DCP5-rGO5, and DCP5-rGO10. (B) Low and (C) high magnification SEM of DCP-rGO hybrid composites. (D) Proliferation, (E) ALP activity, (F) macroscopic images of ARS staining, and (G) mineralization nodules of MC3T3-E1 cells cultured with DCP-rGO composites. An asterisk (*) denotes significant difference compared to the control of the same day. Data reproduced from Ref. [86]. Copyrights MDPI 2017.