3D	Three-dimensional
ADSCs	Adipose derived stromal cells
ALP	Alkaline phosphatase
ASCs	adipose derived stromal cells
BMMSCs	Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
BMP-2	Bone morphogenetic protein 2
dCDMs	Decellularized cell derived matrix
DFCs	Dental follicle stem cells
ECM	Extracellular matrix
EDAC	1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylami-nopropyl) carbodiimide
GC-TRS	Glycol chitin-based thermo-responsive hydrogel scaffold
GelMA	Gelatin with variable degrees of methacrylation
HA	Hyaluronic acid
HA	Hydroxyapatite
hADSCs	Human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells
hBMMSCs	Human Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
hMSCs	Human mesenchymal stem cells
MSCs	Mesenchymal stem cells
NHS	N-hydroxysuccinimide
OCN	Osteocalcin
ON	Osteonectin
OPN	osteopontin
PCL	poly (ε-caprolactone)
PDLSCs	periodontal ligament stem cells
PDMS	Polydimethylsiloxane
PEEU	Poly (ether-ester-urethane)
PEG	Polyethylene glycol
PEGDA	Polyethylene glycol diacrylate
PEGMC	Polyethylene glycol-maleate-citrate
PPDOP	poly (ρ-dioxanone)
PV	polyvinyl
PVA	polyvinyl alcohol
qRT-PCR	Quantitative Reverse transcription real-time polymerase chain reaction
RGD	Arginine-glycine-aspartic acid
Runx2	Runt-related transcription factor-2
SCAP	Stem cells of the apical papilla
SDF-1α	Stromal derived factor-1alpha
SHED	Stem cells isolated from human exfoliated deciduous teeth