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Surface morphologies of the natural succulent leaves and elliptical models. (a) Echeveria, (b) Pachyphytum (top), and Cotyledon (bottom) leaves showing the continuously changing radii of curvature in the millimetric scale. (c) Schematics of the elliptically curved surfaces (E-surfaces) and three geometric relationships between the surfaces and drops. (d) Dimensionless surface curvatures, κ, along the x axis. The color bar on the right indicates the relative magnitude of the curvature.
