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Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Comparison between the input feature patterns and its corresponding reconstruction obtained using the deep SAE-based feature extraction model on: (a) the NC represented in TD, (b) IF represented in TFD, (c) OF represented in TD and (d) OF represented in FD.