Table 2.
Univariate and Binary Logistic Regression Analysis Model to Identify Predictors of Liquefactive Necrosis Formation Within the Tumor
| Variables | LN Group (n=11) | Non-LN Group (n=61) | Univariate Analysis P value | Binary Logistic Regression P value, OR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 50.5±8.6 | 54.2±10.5 | 0.274 | |
| Gender | 1.000 | |||
| Male | 10 (90.9) | 52 (85.2) | ||
| Female | 1 (9.1) | 9 (14.8) | ||
| Child–Pugh | 0.105 | |||
| A | 0 (0) | 15 (24.6) | ||
| B | 11 (100.0) | 46 (75.4) | ||
| BCLC stage | 0.485 | |||
| B | 2 (18.2) | 20 (32.8) | ||
| C | 9 (81.8) | 41 (67.2) | ||
| AFP (ng/mL) | 0.013 | 0.036,6.745 (1.130–40.262) | ||
| <400 | 3 (27.3) | 43 (70.5) | ||
| >400 | 8 (72.7) | 18 (29.5) | ||
| Hepatitis B | 0.493 | |||
| Yes | 10 (90.9) | 58 (95.1) | ||
| No | 1 (9.1) | 3 (4.9) | ||
| Treatment modality | 0.006 | 0.015,11.717 (1.617–84.887) | ||
| TACE+MTGs+ICIs | 9 (81.8) | 21 (34.4) | ||
| TACE+MTGs | 2 (18.2) | 40 (65.6) | ||
| Tumor size (cm) | 12.4±3.4 | 7.2±4.1 | <0.001 | 0.006, 1.355 (1.090–1.684) |
| No. of TACE | 3.9±1.6 | 3.8±2.0 | 0.833 | |
| No. of cTACE | 1 (0,5) | 2 (0,10) | 0.493 | |
| No. of DEB-TACE | 2 (0,4) | 1 (0,5) | 0.131 | |
| TBIL (µmol/L) | 16.4 (9.2,37.5) | 19.5 (7.0,45.2) | 0.336 | |
| ALT (U/L) | 30.0 (3.0,100.0) | 64.0 (10.0,127.0) | 0.007 | |
| AST (U/L) | 57.0 (20.0,98.0) | 54.0 (18.0,134.0) | 0.594 |
Notes: The categorical variables were reported as numbers (percentages) and all the continuous variables as means ± standard error or median (minimum, maximum), depending on variable distribution.
Abbreviations: MTGs, molecular targeted agents; ICIs, immune checkpoint inhibitors; LN, liquefactive necrosis; TACE, transarterial chemoembolization; DEB-TACE, drug-eluting bead (DEB)-TACE; cTACE, conventional TACE; TBIL, total bilirubin; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AFP, alpha-fetoprotein.