FIGURE 2.

Lean but not obese MSCs reverse the macrophage inflammatory phenotypes in mice kidneys with renal artery stenosis. Representative images showing kidney interstitial macrophages in stenotic kidneys of mice treated with MSCs. Top: M1 macrophages (yellow arrow) double‐positive (yellow/orange when merged) for F4/80 (red) and iNOS (green). Middle: M2 macrophages double‐positive for F4/80 (red) and mannose receptor‐1 (green). Bottom: Image quantifications showed that stenotic RAS kidneys had increased numbers of M1 and M2 macrophages compared with sham. Compared with vehicle‐treated RAS, kidneys of RAS mice treated with MSCs isolated from lean subjects showed decreased M1 macrophage numbers and M1/M2 ratio, which remained elevated in RAS mice receiving obese MSCs. *p < 0.05 vs sham, ^# p < 0.05 vs. RAS