Table 1.
Characteristics of patients
| Clinical factors | Training dataset (n = 188) | Validation dataset (n = 80) | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean ± SD, years | 59.84 ± 10.77 | 60.20 ± 10.67 | 0.799 |
| Gender, no (%) | 0.958 | ||
| Male | 131(69.7) | 56(70.0) | |
| Female | 57(30.3) | 24(30.0) | |
| Tumor diameter, median (IQR), cm | 4.5(3.5–5.5) | 4.5(3.6–5.5) | 0.428 |
| Location | 0.339 | ||
| Lower | 65(34.6) | 21(26.3) | |
| Middle | 119(63.3) | 56(70.0) | |
| Upper | 4(2.1) | 3(3.7) | |
| Differentiation degree | 0.940 | ||
| Poorly | 21(11.2) | 10(12.5) | |
| Moderately | 132(70.2) | 56(70.0) | |
| Well | 35(18.6) | 14(17.5) | |
| CEA level, no (%) | 0.329 | ||
| Normal | 120(63.8) | 46(57.5) | |
| Abnormal | 68(36.2) | 34(42.5) | |
| CA199 level, no (%) | 0.080 | ||
| Normal | 162(86.2) | 62(77.5) | |
| Abnormal | 26(13.8) | 18(22.5) | |
| Stage, no (%) | 0.478 | ||
| T1–T2 | 55(29.3) | 20(25.0) | |
| T3–T4 | 133(70.7) | 60(75.0) |
SD standard deviation, IQR interquartile range, CEA carcinoembryonic antigen, CA199 carbohydrate antigen 199