Skip to main content
. 2021 Jun 3;46(10):4525–4535. doi: 10.1007/s00261-021-03137-1

Table 1.

Characteristics of patients

Clinical factors Training dataset (n = 188) Validation dataset (n = 80) P
Age, mean ± SD, years 59.84 ± 10.77 60.20 ± 10.67 0.799
Gender, no (%) 0.958
 Male 131(69.7) 56(70.0)
 Female 57(30.3) 24(30.0)
Tumor diameter, median (IQR), cm 4.5(3.5–5.5) 4.5(3.6–5.5) 0.428
Location 0.339
 Lower 65(34.6) 21(26.3)
 Middle 119(63.3) 56(70.0)
 Upper 4(2.1) 3(3.7)
Differentiation degree 0.940
 Poorly 21(11.2) 10(12.5)
 Moderately 132(70.2) 56(70.0)
  Well 35(18.6) 14(17.5)
CEA level, no (%) 0.329
 Normal 120(63.8) 46(57.5)
 Abnormal 68(36.2) 34(42.5)
CA199 level, no (%) 0.080
 Normal 162(86.2) 62(77.5)
 Abnormal 26(13.8) 18(22.5)
Stage, no (%) 0.478
 T1–T2 55(29.3) 20(25.0)
 T3–T4 133(70.7) 60(75.0)

SD standard deviation, IQR interquartile range, CEA carcinoembryonic antigen, CA199 carbohydrate antigen 199