Fig. 3.
Role of the endothelin-pathway in pulmonary and systemic vasomotor control in DM + HC + CKD and Healthy swine. Transpulmonary gradient (TPG) as a function of cardiac index during graded exercise showed no significant change in response to endothelin receptor A and B blockade (ETA + Bi) in Healthy (A) but did decrease slightly in DM + HC + CKD (D) swine particularly at rest. Pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) was unchanged in response to ETA + Bi in Healthy (B), while DM + HC + CKD showed pulmonary vasodilation in response to ETA + Bi (E). ETA + Bi resulted in similar reduction in systemic vascular resistance (SVR) in Healthy and DM + HC + CKD (C, F). Healthy n = 6, DM + HC + CKD n = 6. Values are mean ± SEM. *P ≤ 0.05, (*)P ≤ 0.1 for effect ETA + Bi within group, †P ≤ 0.05, (†)P ≤ 0.10 for interaction ETA+Bi × cardiac index (C) or ETA + Bi × BVO2 (D) within groups, ‡P ≤ 0.05, (‡)P ≤ 0.10 for interaction ETA+Bi × group