. 2021 Aug 30;12:693739. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2021.693739

TABLE 4.

Results from PERMANOVAs showing a large percentage of sample-to-sample variance in composition within organ types (i.e., beta diversity) is explained by species.

	F_11,3₅^b	P^b	η² (Species)^c	η² (Residual)^d
Compound occurrences^a
Leaf	6.29	0.001	0.74	0.26
Seed	5.17	0.001	0.70	0.30
Unripe pulp	12.46	0.001	0.86	0.14
Ripe pulp	13.18	0.001	0.86	0.14
Structural composition^a
Leaf	4.51	0.001	0.67	0.33
Seed	6.58	0.001	0.75	0.25
Unripe pulp	7.90	0.001	0.79	0.21
Ripe pulp	10.70	0.001	0.83	0.17

^aSeparate sets of PERMANOVAs were conducted for each aspect of compound composition: compound occurrences (presence/absence) and structural composition.

^bStatistical results from permutation tests showing strong support for an effect of Piper species on composition.

^cProportion of sample-to-sample variance explained by species (i.e., interspecific variation).

^dProportion of sample-to-sample variance explained by individual and within-individual (residual) variance.