Table 2.

Characteristics of top four high-traffic EHR screens for ICU physician pre-rounding.

EHR screen	Key content	Key features and functionality
Results review	Laboratory, imaging and diagnostic studies	Comprehensive longitudinal record User-specified granularity; menus expand/collapse Filters allow for sorting by time, category, etc. Supports graphing and visualisation Search bar
Summary/overview	Free-text team sticky note summarising plan of care Real-time highlights of lab results and vital sign trends Dedicated box identifying members of the care team Isolated windows for key info (lines, access devices, etc.) Blood transfusion summary	“Home page” of the patient’s chart Digital bulletin board/“dashboard” Hyperlink to other pages At-a-glance view Free-text “sticky notes” facilitate collaborative, multidisciplinary messaging offline
Flowsheet	Vital signs, hemodynamic parameters Intake/output Infusions, drips, fluids, medications Ventilator settings Blood gases	Chronological alignment of different clinical data elements Basic timeline visualisation Supports assessment of trends and trajectory Flexible time views (e.g. 12 hour, 24 hour, 48 hour…) Spreadsheet layout is simple and familiar
Chart review	Narrative information Clinical notes and documentation (primary + consult teams) Scanned documents from outside sources (hospitals/clinics)	Horizontal tabular access to specific areas Digital “file cabinet” with organisation by “folders” or “tabs”

EHR: electronic health record; ICU: intensive care unit.