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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Sep 13.
Published in final edited form as: Circ Res. 2020 Jun 18;127(1):111–127. doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.120.316365

Figure 6. Proposed evaluation of individuals with AF onset before age 45 or with a family history of early onset AF.

Figure 6.

*The presence of a causative factor does not preclude evaluating the individual for a genetic etiology if the clinical features or family history suggest an underlying genetic susceptibility exits. † Gene-guided management includes additional diagnostic testing (e.g. sodium-channel blocker challenge, signal averaged ECG) or treatments (e.g. physical activity restrictions, implantable cardioverter defibrillators) for specific inherited syndromes. EPS- electrophysiology study. PE- pulmonary embolism. MI- myocardial infarction. SVT- supraventricular tachycardia. AVNRT- atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia. AVRT- atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia.