Table 3.

Key Cardiac Rehabilitation Service Costs and Reimbursement Per Participant by Time Period

	Pre-COVID-19				COVID-19
	Cost		Reimbursement		Cost		Reimbursement
	Unit	Total	Unit	Total	Unit	Total	Unit	Total
Recruitment orientation
In-person	56	41 ± 2	0	0	57	15 ± 5	0	0
Telehealth	33	9 ± 1	0	0	33	24 ± 3	0	0
Total	52	50 ± 1	0	0	42	39 ± 2	0	0
Initial consultation
In-person, with stress test	159	138 ± 3	630	548 ± 8	160	104 ± 3	601	392 ± 7
In-person, with no stress test	108	14 ± 1a	173	23 ± 1a	109	11 ± 1a	165	16 ± 1a
Telehealth	107	0 ± 0	0	0 ± 0	107	27 ± 1	55	14 ± 0
Total	154	152 ± 0	588	571 ± 0	146	142 ± 0	465	422 ± 0
Exercise sessions
With ECG monitoring	73	1,221 ± 126	119	1,985 ± 205	74	1,346 ± 108	114	2,072 ± 166
With no ECG monitoring	67	166 ± 17	74	184 ± 19	67	183 ± 15	71	192 ± 15
Total	72	1,388 ± 144	114	2,170 ± 244	73	1,529 ± 122	108	2,265 ± 181
Exit consultation with stress test	78	$27 ± 1	630	219 ± 7	79	21 ± 1	601	157 ± 5
Service plans & reports	9	166 ± 13	0	0	11	187 ± 11	0	0
Program costs	n/a	278 ± 15	0	0	n/a	321 ± 34	0	0
Indirect costs	n/a	595 ± 32	0	0	n/a	688 ± 74	0	0
Mean per participant		2,897 ± 131		2,959 ± 224		3,265 ± 149		2,844 ±181

Data are presented as $ and reported as mean±SE.

The pre-COVID-19 period is July 2019 through December 2019. The COVID-19 period is July 2020 through December 2020.

Abbreviation: ECG, electrocardiogram.

Service plans and reports (e.g., medical record charting) constituted 6% of all CR service costs for the pre- and during COVID-19 periods.

^aSE was rounded up to $1.