Table 2.

Modifiable risk factors for periprosthetic joint infection and the outcomes of meta-analysis

Comparisons	Number of studies	RR (95% CI)	Heterogeneity I2, p-value*
1. BMI (kg/m2)	20	2.40 (2.01–2.85)	42.4%, 0.024
BMI ≥30 vs. BMI < 30	10	2.01 (1.83–2.22)	0.0%, 0.495
BMI ≥35 vs. BMI < 35	4	2.46 (1.73–3.51)	0.0%, 0.796
BMI ≥40 vs. BMI < 40	6	2.99 (1.59–5.61)	74.0%, 0.002
2. Smoke vs. non	6	1.24 (0.85–1.82)	0.0%, 0.756
3. Alcohol abuse vs. non	3	1.69 (0.76–3.80)	80.0%, 0.007