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Main types of classic IRESs as exemplified by the most typical representatives (full names of viruses are given in the text of the article). Secondary structure of type I-IV elements [panels (a-d), respectively], proteins specifically binding to them, as well as areas of contact with 40S and 60S subunits (yellow and blue shading, respectively) are shown schematically. Also shown are aminoacyl-tRNAs, which ensure delivery of the N-terminal amino acid of the future protein.
