Table 4.
Selected carbon adsorbents with sulfur containing functional groups for heavy metal removal
| Material | Heavy Metal | Qmax (mg/g) | Kinetic model | Isotherm | FG | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||
| Pb(II) | 29.98 | |||||
| Sulfur-Functionalized Ordered | Hg(II) | 70.75 | -C-S, -C=S, | |||
| PSO | - | [189] | ||||
| Mesoporous Carbon | Cd(II) | 4.96 | -COS, -SOx | |||
| Ni(II) | 1.2 | |||||
|
| ||||||
| Pb(II) | 226 | |||||
| Chitosan/Sulfydryl-functionalized GO composite | Cd(II) | 117 | PSO | Freundlich | -SH | [167] |
| Cu(II) | 235 | |||||
| Cd(II) | 202.429 | |||||
| Dithiocarbamate CNTs | Cu(II) | 101.523 | PSO | Langmuir | -C=S | [190] |
| Zn(II) | 16.625 | |||||
| Low-cost sulfurized AC derived from nut shells | Cd(II) | 142.86 | - | Frendlich | -C=S | [55] |
| Sulfonated Graphene Nanosheets | Cd(II) | 58 | PSO | Langmuir | -SO3H | [175] |
| Citrus Limettioides peel carbon | Ni(II) | 38.46 | PSO | Langmuir | -S=O | [212] |
| Xanthated Fe3O4-chitosan grafted onto GO | Cu(II) | 426.8 | PSO | Langmuir | -C-S | [166] |