Table 4.
Comparison of the types of chronic diseases among older adults.
| Characteristics | Types of chronic diseases [ N (%)] | X2 | P | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| None | 1 | ≥2 | |||
| Personal characteristics: | |||||
| Age | 127.342 | < 0.001 | |||
| 60~ | 872 (64.6) | 468 (51.1) | 429 (43.6) | ||
| 70~ | 386 (28.7) | 372 (40.6) | 406 (41.2) | ||
| 80~ | 91 (6.7) | 76 (8.3) | 150 (15.2) | ||
| Residence | 18.231 | <0.001 | |||
| Urban | 651 (48.3) | 414 (45.2) | 388 (39.4) | ||
| Rural | 698 (51.7) | 502 (54.8) | 597 (60.6) | ||
| Family history of genetics | 88.183 | <0.001 | |||
| Yes | 15 (1.1) | 56 (6.1) | 95 (9.6) | ||
| No | 1,334 (98.9) | 860 (93.9) | 890 (90.4) | ||
| BMI | 30.269 | <0.001 | |||
| Underweight | 204 (15.1) | 116 (12.7) | 145 (14.7) | ||
| Normal | 780 (57.8) | 460 (50.2) | 499 (50.7) | ||
| Overweight | 365 (27.1) | 340 (37.1) | 341 (34.6) | ||
| Behavioral characteristics: | |||||
| Regularity of three meals | 1.292 | 0.524 | |||
| Yes | 1,207 (89.5) | 829 (90.5) | 876 (88.9) | ||
| No | 142 (10.5) | 87 (9.5) | 109 (11.1) | ||
| Frequency of fresh fruit consumption | 28.986 | <0.001 | |||
| Eat almost every day | 544 (40.3) | 315 (34.4) | 292 (29.6) | ||
| Other | 805 (59.7) | 58 (6.3) | 80 (8.1) | ||
| Smoking status | 60.782 | <0.001 | |||
| Smoking | 281 (20.8) | 177 (19.3) | 171 (17.4) | ||
| Quit smoking | 81 (6.0) | 138 (15.1) | 138 (14.0) | ||
| Never | 987 (73.2) | 601 (65.6) | 676 (68.6) | ||
| Drinking status | 49.057 | <0.001 | |||
| Drinking | 262 (19.4) | 164 (17.9) | 156 (15.8) | ||
| Quit drinking | 62 (4.6) | 102 (11.1) | 115 (11.7) | ||
| Never | 1,025 (76.0) | 650 (71.0) | 714 (72.5) | ||
| Sleep quality | 102.456 | <0.001 | |||
| Poor | 177 (13.1) | 201 (21.9) | 298 (30.3) | ||
| Good | 1,172 (86.9) | 715 (78.1) | 687 (69.7) | ||
| Anxiety | 121.837 | <0.001 | |||
| Yes | 383 (28.4) | 271 (29.6) | 482 (48.9) | ||
| No | 966 (71.6) | 645 (70.4) | 503 (51.1) | ||
| Interpersonal Network: | |||||
| Marital status | 11.459 | <0.01 | |||
| Married | 1,061 (78.7) | 705 (77.0) | 716 (72.7) | ||
| Other | 288 (21.3) | 211 (23.0) | 269 (27.3) | ||
| Empty nest status | 42.610 | <0.001 | |||
| No children | 51 (3.8) | 9 (1.0) | 10 (1.0) | ||
| Empty nest | 595 (44.1) | 483 (52.7) | 503 (51.1) | ||
| Non-empty nest | 703 (52.1) | 424 (46.3) | 472 (47.9) | ||
| Socio-economic status: | |||||
| Educational level | 62.654 | <0.001 | |||
| Elementary education and below | 587 (43.5) | 491 (53.6) | 561 (57.0) | ||
| Secondary education | 596 (44.2) | 364 (39.7) | 364 (37.0) | ||
| Higher education and above | 166 (12.3) | 61 (6.7) | 60 (6.1) | ||
| Monthly income | 17.390 | 0.002 | |||
| Low (<1,000 RMB) | 654 (48.5) | 476 (52.0) | 561 (57.0) | ||
| Middle (1,000~5,000 RMB) | 632 (46.8) | 393 (42.9) | 386 (39.1) | ||
| High (>5,000 RMB) | 63 (4.7) | 47 (5.1) | 38 (3.9) | ||