Fig. 4 |. Analyses of prospective cohorts for CRC diagnosis.
a, Plasma EVs from 33 CRC patients, 9 healthy donors, and 6 non-CRC patients (gastrointestinal stromal tumour, n = 2; small bowel internal herniation, n = 2; appendicitis, n = 2) were analysed for the expression EpCAM, EGFR, CD24, and GPA33. EVCRC was calculated according to the same formula as with the training cohorts. b, EVCRC levels were significantly higher in CRC patients than in healthy controls, validating the EV-based diagnostic algorithm. The same cutoff value (4.96) from the training set was applied. c, EVCRC remained superior in CRC detection, with its AUC significantly larger than those of single markers. Detailed statistics are in Table 2.