Figure 1: Sodium (Na+) sensing and activation of NADPH oxidase by antigen presenting cells.
Na+ enters antigen presenting cells through the epithelial Na+ channel (ENaC) leading to intracellular Ca2+ influx via the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX) and activation of PKC. PKC phosphorylates p47phox leading to assembly of NADPH oxidase and increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS).