Table 1.
Association of SCT with COVID-19 positivity and mortality in the UK Biobank
| Subjects | No. (%) tested for COVID-19 | Positive for COVID-19 | Died of COVID-19 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Subjects | OR (95% CI)* | P value* | Subjects | OR (95% CI)* | P value* | |||
| All | 500,822 | 44,724 (8.9%) | 7,849 (17.5%) | 495 (6.3%) | ||||
| By race | ||||||||
| White individuals | 471,180 | 41,660 (8.8%) | 7,167 (17.2%) | Ref* | 445 (6.2%) | Ref* | ||
| Black individuals | 8,017 | 862 (10.8%) | 181 (21%) | 0.99 (0.84–1.18) | 0.95 | 25 (13.8%) | 6.3 (3.76–10.25) | 5.19E-13 |
| By SCT status | ||||||||
| No SCT | 500,093 | 44,631 (8.9%) | 7,828 (17.5%) | Ref† | 491 (6.3%) | Ref† | ||
| SCT | 729 | 93 (12.8%) | 21 (22.6%) | 1.12 (0.66–1.84) | 0.67 | 4 (19%) | 2.87 (0.69–9.95) | 0.11 |
| Black individuals | ||||||||
| No SCT | 7,446 | 791 (10.6%) | 167 (21.1%) | Ref† | 21 (12.6%) | Ref* | ||
| SCT | 571 | 71 (12.4%) | 14 (19.7%) | 0.98 (0.51–1.78) | 0.96 | 4 (28.6%) | 3.04 (0.69–11.82) | 0.12 |
CI = confidence interval; OR = odds ratio; SCT = sickle cell trait.
*
Standard logistic regression analysis adjusted for age at COVID-19 test and sex.
†
Standard logistic regression analysis adjusted for age at COVID-19 test, sex, and race.