(A) Schematic of a primary neuron. Colored lines indicate axonal or dendritic branch tips which were quantified. Yellow indicates the Axon Initial Segment (AIS) marked with Ankry G in experiments. (B) Representative confocal images for GFP (green) and AnkG (red) immunostaining at DIV3 on primary cultured cortical neurons of the four genotypes examined: mAPP wild type, mAPP–KO, and mAPP–KO rescued with mAPP or CRD-mutant mAPP. Transfected plasmids containing GFP alone, mAPP-flag-GFP or mAPPΔCRD-flag-GFP, which was performed at the onset of cell seeding. Scale bar = 50 µm. (C–E). Quantification of three parameters on these four genotypes at DIV3: the total axon length (the main axonal process and the branches deriving from the main process, C), the longest axonal length (D), the total axonal branch tips (E), primary branch tips (F) and secondary branch tips (G). (n=59–70 cells, one-way ANOVA). Bars represent the mean ± S.E.M. Samples collected from at least two independent experiments. *p<0.05, **p<0.01 ***p<0.001.