Table 4.
Correlations Between Loneliness Scale Scores and Antecedents of Loneliness
| Direct questions | Social loneliness | Emotional loneliness | Existential loneliness in relationships | Existential loneliness: meaninglessness | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Female (vs. male) | 0.11 | *** | a | −0.01 | a | 0.08 | ** | 0.01 | 0.04 | ||||||
| Age (61–101 years) | 0.26 | *** | 0.25 | *** | 0.26 | *** | 0.32 | *** | 0.31 | *** | |||||
| Living with spouse or partner (vs. not) | −0.44 | *** | abc | −0.29 | *** | a | −0.42 | *** | de | −0.28 | *** | bd | −0.27 | *** | ce |
| Network size (0–78) | −0.25 | *** | a | −0.35 | *** | a | −0.28 | *** | −0.32 | *** | −0.28 | *** | |||
| Daily network contact (vs. not) | −0.31 | *** | −0.27 | *** | −0.31 | *** | −0.24 | *** | −0.22 | *** | |||||
| Self-rated health (1–5) | −0.24 | *** | −0.20 | *** | −0.22 | *** | −0.27 | *** | −0.29 | *** | |||||
| Church attendance frequency (1–6) | −0.02 | −0.05 | −0.03 | −0.03 | −0.02 | ||||||||||
Note: Correlations marked with the same letter in superscript differ (p < .001).
**p < .01; ***p < .001.