Table 1.
Seasonal concentrations of different PAHs, ΣPAHs, and PM2.5 at BKR, GHR, and RCI study sites
| PAHs | No of rings | BKR (mean ± SD) | GHR (mean ± SD) | RCI (mean ± SD) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Monsoon | Summer | Winter | Post-monsoon | Monsoon | Summer | Winter | Post-monsoon | Monsoon | Summer | Winter | Post-monsoon | ||
| Nap | 2 | 1.87 ± 0.06 | 7.80 ± 1.16 | 18.84 ± 0.83 | 4.43 ± 0.48 | 5.91 ± 0.66 | 10.94 ± 1.47 | 22.99 ± 1.31 | 9.58 ± 0.89 | 3.90 ± 0.52 | 9.89 ± 0.43 | 18.24 ± 0.93 | 11.05 ± 0.42 |
| Acy | 3 | 1.27 ± 0.08 | 8.07 ± 0.95 | 15.49 ± 1.61 | 2.10 ± 0.24 | 7.84 ± 0.71 | 9.21 ± 0.53 | 19.63 ± 0.81 | 7.59 ± 0.63 | 3.84 ± 0.26 | 7.72 ± 0.42 | 18.23 ± 0.60 | 14.06 ± 0.99 |
| Ace | 3 | 2.50 ± 0.74 | 13.16 ± 1.08 | 22.35 ± 2.16 | 7.14 ± 1.16 | 12.31 ± 0.61 | 17.17 ± 1.54 | 26.29 ± 1.49 | 10.73 ± 0.57 | 9.35 ± 0.34 | 13.04 ± 0.60 | 23.79 ± 1.12 | 9.19 ± 0.19 |
| Flu | 3 | 0.87 ± 0.13 | 12.25 ± 1.32 | 20.14 ± 1.21 | 2.08 ± 0.44 | 6.6 ± 0 .39 | 12.79 ± 2.04 | 24.82 ± 1.55 | 9.20 ± 0.19 | 5.82 ± 0.72 | 9.70 ± 1.05 | 22.37 ± 1.53 | 8.09 ± 0.40 |
| Phe | 3 | 8.22 ± 0.45 | 16.60 ± 0.98 | 27.56 ± 0.34 | 14.03 ± 1.62 | 15.48 ± 0.95 | 25.32 ± 3.02 | 34.42 ± 2.22 | 16.82 ± 1.12 | 8.82 ± 0.65 | 21.78 ± 1.01 | 32.30 ± 1.94 | 13.69 ± 1.02 |
| Ant | 3 | 3.12 ± 0.09 | 15.76 ± 1.67 | 24.95 ± 0.48 | 5.74 ± 0.71 | 8.54 ± 0.59 | 21.46 ± 3.74 | 32.27 ± 1.66 | 11.36 ± 0.55 | 5.82 ± 0.32 | 21.58 ± 1.04 | 29.61 ± 2.10 | 9.42 ± 0.71 |
| Flua | 4 | 8.38 ± 0.12 | 18.56 ± 1.47 | 27.19 ± 0.67 | 13.21 ± 0.79 | 14.53 ± 0.40 | 20.47 ± 1.75 | 33.53 ± 2.05 | 15.86 ± 1.01 | 7.32 ± 0.35 | 21.75 ± 1.06 | 30.25 ± 1.16 | 13.39 ± 0.99 |
| Pyr | 4 | 7.29 ± 0.27 | 19.08 ± 1.98 | 26.05 ± 1.41 | 14.29 ± 1.39 | 13.35 ± 1.16 | 20.80 ± 2.25 | 28.86 ± 1.08 | 14.29 ± 1.39 | 10.96 ± 0.22 | 18.77 ± 1.02 | 24.20 ± 1.50 | 12.40 ± 1.66 |
| BaA | 4 | 5.85 ± 0.15 | 14.99 ± 1.34 | 28.12 ± 1.53 | 8.40 ± 0.74 | 12.54 ± 0.77 | 18.85 ± 1.82 | 30.82 ± 1.52 | 11.59 ± 0.72 | 7.33 ± 0.68 | 18.79 ± 0.94 | 28.77 ± 0.72 | 9.27 ± 0.32 |
| Chr | 4 | 3.48 ± 0.32 | 16.15 ± 1.15 | 22.22 ± 1.20 | 7.80 ± 0.90 | 5.29 ± 0.49 | 13.91 ± 2.59 | 24.43 ± 1.01 | 8.87 ± 0.61 | 4.83 ± 0.80 | 13.23 ± 1.41 | 23.26 ± 1.58 | 8.70 ± 0.31 |
| BbF | 5 | 6.65 ± 0.34 | 20.28 ± 1.47 | 27.22 ± 0.51 | 10.28 ± 1.11 | 10.18 ± 0.40 | 19.78 ± 2.93 | 33.61 ± 1.26 | 10.28 ± 1.09 | 8.73 ± 0.19 | 16.25 ± 1.02 | 30.68 ± 0.92 | 8.55 ± 0.45 |
| BkF | 5 | 6.35 ± 0.16 | 20.90 ± 1.54 | 26.26 ± 0.63 | 10.36 ± 0.95 | 8.24 ± 0.43 | 20.73 ± 3.76 | 31.93 ± 2.29 | 13.49 ± 1.04 | 6.13 ± 0.84 | 18.51 ± 0.92 | 29.93 ± 2.03 | 13.48 ± 0.91 |
| BaP | 5 | 3.55 ± 0.32 | 13.14 ± 1.02 | 19.66 ± 1.36 | 7.02 ± 0.53 | 4.92 ± 0.53 | 11.81 ± 2.17 | 23.23 ± 1.50 | 7.22 ± 0.60 | 3.87 ± 0.54 | 16.18 ± 0.88 | 20.02 ± 1.38 | 5.63 ± 0.24 |
| DBahA | 5 | 5.55 ± 0.21 | 10.28 ± 0.78 | 15.99 ± 1.12 | 9.89 ± 1.24 | 10.74 ± 0.26 | 11.72 ± 0.82 | 19.68 ± 1.50 | 12.99 ± 1.26 | 6.68 ± 0.40 | 15.55 ± 0.68 | 17.92 ± 1.16 | 12.39 ± 0.49 |
| B(ghi)P | 6 | 7.39 ± 0.38 | 8.72 ± 1.34 | 18.30 ± 0.88 | 13.66 ± 0.87 | 7.39 ± 0.37 | 10.42 ± 0.89 | 22.88 ± 1.32 | 14.32 ± 0.59 | 3.32 ± 0.24 | 11.68 ± 0.56 | 16.06 ± 0.90 | 5.11 ± 0.52 |
| IcP | 6 | 2.23 ± 0.11 | 13.23 ± 0.88 | 17.90 ± 0.62 | 5.77 ± 0.94 | 2.23 ± 0.28 | 11.75 ± 2.78 | 22.69 ± 0.88 | 6.06 ± 0.81 | 2.32 ± 0.12 | 14.17 ± 0.26 | 17.21 ± 1.26 | 2.73 ± 0.19 |
| ∑PAHs (ng/m3) | 74.56 ± 1.92 | 228.97 ± 19.85 | 358.24 ± 15.11 | 136.20 ± 13.67 | 146.09 ± 7.58 | 256.64 ± 33.69 | 432.08 ± 23.08 | 180.25 ± 12.79 | 99.10 ± 6.29 | 248.59 ± 13.12 | 382.84 ± 18.27 | 157.15 ± 9.03 | |
| PM2.5 (ng m−3) | 67.66 ± 5.05 | 87.12 ± 5.19 | 118.85 ± 9.59 | 95.79 ± 13.51 | 83.68 ± 5.06 | 98.64 ± 6.47 | 128.61 ± 11.96 | 96.84 ± 12.78 | 77.84 ± 5.16 | 95.55 ± 7.28 | 122.87 ± 11.67 | 93.05 ± 3.08 | |