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. 2021 Sep 14;84(2):248–288. doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2021.09.002

Table 1.

MR analysis of blood metabolites and COVID-19.

Metabolites Methods NSNP Beta SE P OR
Citrate IVW 3 0.213 0.106 0.0452 1.24 (1.01–1.52)
MR-Egger 3 0.914 1.67 0.681 2.49 (0.09–65.84)
M.VLDL.C IVW 11 0.121 0.0573 0.0349 1.13 (1.01–1.26)
MR-Egger 11 −0.0653 0.134 0.6374 0.94 (0.72–1.22)
S.VLDL.P IVW 12 0.0944 0.0462 0.0411 1.10 (1.00–1.20)
MR-Egger 12 −0.0664 0.119 0.590 0.94 (0.74–1.18)

VLDL: Very low density lipoprotein; M.VLDL.C: Total cholesterol in medium VLDL; S.VLDL.P: Concentration of small VLDL particles. SE: standard error. The statistically significant association of IVW is defined to be P < 0.05/123 = 0.00041. The statistically significance of no horizontal pleiotropy is defined to be P > 0.05.