Miller 1977.

Methods	Randomised prospective study ‐ method not stated
Participants	68 patients with B‐2 or C (primary or secondary) bladder cancer treated from 1964 to 1970
Interventions	preoperative radiotherapy of 5000 cGy in 25 fractions over 5 weeks plus radical cystectomy versus definitive radiotherapy 7000 cGy in 35 fractions over 7 weeks plus salvage cystectomy
Outcomes	overall survival analysed on an intention‐to‐treat basis (n = 67) and according to treatment received (n = 62)
Notes	I patient lost after randomised to preoperative radiotherapy plus cystectomy group
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Low risk	A ‐ Adequate