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. 2021 Sep 13;11:18119. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-97429-7

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Estimation of population using LnP(D) derived ΔK for K, from 1 to 10 (K = 5), using Gp43 DNA sequences (Panel a). Evolutionary analyses inferred by Maximum Likelihood of the Gp43 DNA sequences displays five monophyletic clusters (b) corresponding also to five STRUCTURE populations (Q1 to Q5) (c). STRUCTURE clustered P. brasiliensis (1Sa, 1Sb), P. restrepiensis (PS3), P. venezuelensis (PS4), in population Q1 (red), whereas the remaining species (P. americana [PS2, green], P. cetii [blue], P. lutzii [yellow] and P. loboi [pink]) grouped as independent populations (Q2 to Q5). The numbers on the y-axis show the subgroup membership and the x-axis the different accessions (Q) (Panel c). The distribution of accessions into different populations is indicate by color and shape.