Table 4.
Interaction analysis: non-AF vs. AF 1 vs. AF 2.
| Subgroup | AF | n | Event | Duration (person * years) | Incidence (per 1000 person * years) | Adjusted HR (95% CI) | p for interaction |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age < 65 years | No AF | 8,626,427 | 18,186 | 80,012,302 | 0.227 | 1 (reference) | < 0.001 |
| AF 1 | 3832 | 34 | 35,215 | 0.965 | 3.059 (2.185–4.284) | ||
| AF 2 | 4849 | 121 | 43,679 | 2.770 | 7.500 (6.271–8.970) | ||
| Age ≥ 65 years | No AF | 1,112,589 | 7120 | 9,705,636 | 0.734 | 1 (reference) | |
| AF 1 | 1231 | 35 | 10,136 | 3.453 | 4.453 (3.194–6.208) | ||
| AF 2 | 2777 | 85 | 22,218 | 3.826 | 4.718 (3.808–5.845) | ||
| Male | No AF | 5,396,129 | 14,254 | 49,483,358 | 0.288 | 1 (reference) | 0.315 |
| AF 1 | 2823 | 41 | 24,944 | 1.644 | 3.645 (2.682–4.953) | ||
| AF 2 | 4655 | 136 | 39,614 | 3.433 | 6.199 (5.233–7.343) | ||
| Female | No AF | 4,342,887 | 11,052 | 40,234,580 | 0.275 | 1 (reference) | |
| AF 1 | 2240 | 28 | 20,407 | 1.372 | 3.578 (2.469–5.185) | ||
| AF 2 | 2971 | 70 | 26,283 | 2.663 | 5.427 (4.288–6.868) | ||
| Diabetes mellitus (–) | No AF | 8,947,624 | 21,673 | 82,630,564 | 0.262 | 1 (reference) | 0.658 |
| AF 1 | 4353 | 53 | 39,366 | 1.346 | 3.466 (2.647–4.539) | ||
| AF 2 | 6232 | 162 | 54,424 | 2.977 | 6.040 (5.173–7.053) | ||
| Diabetes mellitus ( +) | No AF | 791,392 | 3633 | 7,087,374 | 0.513 | 1 (reference) | |
| AF 1 | 710 | 16 | 5985 | 2.673 | 4.389 (2.685–7.174) | ||
| AF 2 | 1394 | 44 | 11,473 | 3.835 | 5.701 (4.232–7.679) | ||
| Hypertension (–) | No AF | 7,295,555 | 13,937 | 67,548,850 | 0.206 | 1 (reference) | 0.840 |
| AF 1 | 2613 | 25 | 23,879 | 1.047 | 3.785 (2.557–5.604) | ||
| AF 2 | 2788 | 49 | 24,757 | 1.979 | 6.050 (4.569–8.012) | ||
| Hypertension ( +) | No AF | 2,443,461 | 11,369 | 22,169,088 | 0.513 | 1 (reference) | |
| AF 1 | 2450 | 44 | 21,472 | 2.049 | 3.565 (2.652–4.794) | ||
| AF 2 | 4838 | 157 | 41,140 | 3.816 | 6.036 (5.155–7.067) | ||
| Dyslipidemia (–) | No AF | 8,062,232 | 18,593 | 74,313,814 | 0.250 | 1 (reference) | 0.043 |
| AF 1 | 3641 | 47 | 32,707 | 1.437 | 3.908 (2.935–5.203) | ||
| AF 2 | 5134 | 139 | 44,237 | 3.142 | 6.734 (5.696–7.960) | ||
| Dyslipidemia ( +) | No AF | 1,676,784 | 6713 | 15,404,124 | 0.436 | 1 (reference) | |
| AF 1 | 1422 | 22 | 12,645 | 1.740 | 3.153 (2.074–4.792) | ||
| AF 2 | 2492 | 67 | 21,660 | 3.093 | 4.809 (3.778–6.121) | ||
| CKD (–) | No AF | 8,830,111 | 21,723 | 81,466,280 | 0.267 | 1 (reference) | 0.790 |
| AF 1 | 4397 | 58 | 39,644 | 1.463 | 3.755 (2.901–4.859) | ||
| AF 2 | 6048 | 152 | 52,875 | 2.875 | 5.855 (4.990–6.871) | ||
| CKD ( +) | No AF | 908,905 | 3583 | 8,251,658 | 0.434 | 1 (reference) | |
| AF 1 | 666 | 11 | 5707 | 1.927 | 3.138 (1.736–5.673) | ||
| AF 2 | 1578 | 54 | 13,022 | 4.147 | 6.334 (4.839–8.291) |
Hazard ratios are adjusted for age, sex, BMI, smoking status, alcohol consumption, physical activity, hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia.
AF: atrial fibrillation; BMI: body mass index; CI: confidence interval; CKD: chronic kidney disease; HR: hazard ratio.