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. 2021 Sep 14;2021(9):CD010216. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD010216.pub6

Comparison 4. Nicotine EC versus behavioural support only/no support.

Outcome or subgroup title No. of studies No. of participants Statistical method Effect size
4.1 Smoking cessation 6 2886 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) 2.61 [1.44, 4.74]
4.2 Adverse events 4 765 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) 1.22 [1.12, 1.32]
4.2.1 12 weeks 2 657 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) 1.20 [1.11, 1.30]
4.2.2 16 weeks 1 50 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) 1.18 [0.67, 2.07]
4.2.3 6 months 1 58 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) 11.00 [0.64, 190.26]
4.3 Serious adverse events 7 1303 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) 1.51 [0.70, 3.24]
4.3.1 4 to 6 weeks 2 246 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) Not estimable
4.3.2 12 weeks 1 408 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) 3.69 [0.21, 66.17]
4.3.3 16 weeks 1 50 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) Not estimable
4.3.4 6 months 2 307 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.71 [0.16, 3.10]
4.3.5 8 months 1 292 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) 1.78 [0.68, 4.70]
4.4 Carbon monoxide (ppm) 10   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.4.1 3 to 4 weeks 4   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.4.2 6 weeks 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.4.3 8 weeks 2   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.4.4 4 months 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.4.5 6 months 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.4.6 8 months 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.5 Heart rate (bpm) 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.5.1 8 weeks 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.6 Systolic blood pressure 3   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.6.1 6 weeks 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.6.2 8 weeks 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.6.3 4 months 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.7 Blood oxygen saturation 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.7.1 8 weeks 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.8 3‐HPMA (SMD) 2   Std. Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.8.1 8 weeks 1   Std. Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.8.2 12 weeks 1   Std. Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.9 NNAL (SMD) 4   Std. Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.9.1 3 weeks 1   Std. Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.9.2 8 weeks 1   Std. Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.9.3 12 weeks 1   Std. Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.9.4 6 weeks 1   Std. Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.10 2‐HPMA (pmol/mg creatinine) 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.10.1 8 weeks 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.11 HMPMA (pmol/mg creatinine) 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.11.1 8 weeks 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.12 PheT (pmol/mg creatinine) 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.12.1 8 weeks 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.13 CEMA (pmol/mg creatinine) 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.13.1 8 weeks 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.14 AAMA (pmol/mg creatinine) 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.14.1 8 weeks 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.15 S‐PMA (nanograms) 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.15.1 12 weeks 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.16 FVC (litres) 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.16.1 12 weeks 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.17 FEV1 (litres) 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.17.1 12 weeks 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.18 FEF 25‐75 (litres/second)) 2 555 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐0.06 [‐0.18, 0.06]
4.18.1 6 weeks 1 168 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐0.14 [‐0.28, 0.00]
4.18.2 12 weeks 1 387 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.10 [‐0.10, 0.30]
4.19 PEF 25‐75 (litres/minute) 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.19.1 12 weeks 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected