Table. Patient and Specimen Characteristics in the Test Performance and Neuroinflammatory Disease Case-Control Studies.
| Characteristic | No. (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| Positive mNGS resultsa | Negative mNGS results | |
| Test performance study | ||
| Patient demographics | ||
| No. of patients | 55 | 70 |
| Age, median (IQR) [range], y | 62 (54-71) [27-84] | 53 (38-66) [0-86] |
| Female sex | 23 (41.8) | 31 (44.3) |
| Male sex | 32 (58.2) | 39 (55.7) |
| History of malignant CNS neoplasmb | 30 (54.5) | 0 |
| Specimen characteristics | ||
| Cytologic testing | ||
| Positive result | 18 (34.5) | 0 |
| Atypical cells present | 10 (18.2) | 4 (5.7) |
| Benign | 21 (38.2) | 37 (52.9) |
| Not performed or unavailable | 5 (9.1) | 29 (41.4) |
| Flow cytometry | ||
| Aberrant clone | 26 (47.3) | 2 (2.9) |
| Atypical clone | 4 (7.3) | 0 |
| No evidence of lymphoproliferative disorder | 22 (40.0) | 39 (55.7) |
| Not performed or unavailable | 3 (5.5) | 29 (41.4) |
| Culture performed | 20 (38.5) | 47 (69.1) |
| WBC count, median (IQR) [range], cells/μL | 5 (1-106.5) [0-495]c | 16 (2-111) [0-13 000]d |
| Fluid protein, median (IQR) [range], mg/dL | 58.5 (37.5-142) [<10-920] | 79 (38.3-168) [13-5525] |
| Imaging | ||
| Leptomeningeal | 18 (10.5) | NA |
| Lesion abuts CSF space | 42 (75.0) | NA |
| Unknown | 1 (1.8) | NA |
| Neuroinflammatory disease study | ||
| Patient demographics | ||
| No. of patients | 12 | 17 |
| Age, median (IQR) [range], y | 71.5 (63.5-74.8) [47-83] | 44 (33-62) [5-71] |
| Female sex | 3 (25.0) | 9 (52.9) |
| Male sex | 9 (75.0) | 8 (47.1) |
| Specimen characteristics | ||
| Cytologic testing | ||
| Positive result | 0 | 0 |
| Atypical cells present | 2 (16.7) | 0 |
| Benign | 9 (75.0) | 7 (41.2) |
| Not performed or unavailable | 1 (8.3) | 17 (58.8) |
| Flow cytometry | ||
| Aberrant or atypical clone | 0 | 0 |
| No evidence of lymphoproliferation | 8 (66.7) | 9 (52.9) |
| Not performed or unavailable | 4 (33.3) | 8 (47.1) |
| Culture performed (data available for n = 10) | 9 (90.0) | 7 (41.2) |
| History of cancer | 2 (16.7) | 2 (11.8) |
| WBC count, median (IQR) [range], cells/μL | 12 (4.75-18.0) [0-128] | 7 (2-14.3) [0-325]e |
| Fluid protein, median (IQR) [range], mg/dL | 73.5 (40.8-302) [23-832] | 48.5 (38.8-72.8) [14-224] |
| Imaging | ||
| Leptomeningeal | 4 (36.0) | NA |
| Lesion abuts CSF space | 7 (64.0) | NA |
| Unknown | 1 (9.1) | NA |
Abbreviations: CNS, central nervous system; CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; IQR, interquartile range; mNGS, metagenomic next-generation sequencing; NA, not applicable; WBC, white blood cell.
SI conversion factor: To convert WBC to ×109 per liter, multiply by 0.001.
a
Two patients overlapped between the 2 studies: cases 54 and 137 and cases 37 and 138.
b
History of CNS neoplasm before the presentation period from each specimen was obtained.
c
WBC counts from 3 cases with positive results were not available.
d
WBC counts from 6 cases with negative results were not available.
e
WBC counts from 3 cases with negative results were not available.