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Diversifying selection observed in placebo but not vaccine recipients. The number of sites under purifying and diversifying selection per participant is shown for vaccine (red) and placebo (blue) recipients at (A) diagnosis and (B) 6 months post-diagnosis. (C) Per-participant sites under selection at 6 months post-diagnosis in Env-gp120 and Env-gp41. Significant pairwise differences are indicated with the associated P-value (Student’s t test).
