Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of patients with kidney disease and SARS-CoV-2 infection (n = 88)
| Parameter | N (%) |
|---|---|
| Boys | 67 (76.1) |
| Age, years | 10 (6–15) |
| Presentation | |
| Asymptomatic | 27 (30.7) |
| Symptomatic | 61 (69.3) |
| Fever | 52 (59.1) |
| Cough | 34 (38.6) |
| Respiratory distress | 14 (15.9) |
| Diarrhea | 9 (10.2) |
| Clinical severity of COVID-19 [16] | |
| Asymptomatic | 27 (30.7) |
| Mild | 51 (57.9) |
| Moderate | 8 (9.1) |
| Severe | 2 (2.3) |
| Underlying disease | |
| Patients not on kidney replacement therapy | 60 (68.2) |
| Nephrotic syndrome (relapse/remission) | 44 (24/20) |
| Steroid sensitive (relapse/remission) | 27 (14/13) |
| Steroid resistant (relapse/remission) | 17 (10/7) |
| CAKUT (Reflux nephropathy/pelviureteric junction obstruction/PUV) | 5 (2/2/1) |
| Others (HUS, cystic kidneys, Lowe syndrome, Takayasu aortoarteritis, lupus) | 11 (3/3/2/2/1) |
| Patients on kidney replacement therapy | 28 (31.8) |
| Chronic kidney disease 5D (CAKUT/HUS/FSGS/IgA nephropathy/unknown) | 15 (5/3/2/2/3) |
| Chronic kidney disease 5 T (CAKUT/neurogenic bladder/chronic GN/familial hypomagnesemia hypercalciuria and nephrocalcinosis / unknown) | 13 (5/2/2/1/3) |
| Current immunosuppression | 50 (56.8) |
| Prednisolone | 40 |
| Mycophenolate mofetil | 17 |
| Calcineurin inhibitors (< 3 months back) | 25 |
| Cyclophosphamide (< 4 weeks back) | 3 |
| IV rituximab (< 6 months back) | 2 |
| Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), ml/minute per 1.73 m2* | 81.9 [39.8–104.1] |
Data is shown as n (%) or median [interquartile range]; CAKUT congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract; FSGS, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis; GN, glomerulonephritis; HUS, hemolytic uremic syndrome; IV, intravenous; PUV, posterior urethral valves
*Excluding 15 patients already on dialysis; eGFR at presentation calculated using modified Schwartz formula based on serum creatinine at diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection