Table 4.
Findings in studies on children with kidney diseases and SARS-CoV-2 infection
| Author [ref] | Marlais [8] | Marlais [5] | Melgosa [7] | Schwierzeck [11] | Plumb [6] | Mastrangelo [10] | Basalely [9] | Present work |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (countries) | 113 (30) | 18* (11) | 16 (Spain) | 13 (Germany) | 5 (UK) | 3 (Italy) | 2 (USA) | 88 (India) |
| Boys, % | 49 | 61 | 56.3 | NA | 80 | NA | 100 | 76.1 |
| Median age, years | 11 | 11.5 | 12.3 | ~ 10 | 11 | NA | 1, NA | 10 |
| Underlying disease, % | NA | |||||||
| Nephrotic syndrome (% in relapse) | 27 (NA) | 17 (NA) | 31.3 (12.5) | 0 | 0 | 50 (NA) | 50 (52.3) | |
| Other glomerular CKD | 23.9 | 17 | 50 | 0 | 33.3 | 0 | 4.5 | |
| Non-glomerular CKD | 2.6 | 0 | 50 | 0 | 66.7 | 0 | 13.6 | |
| CKD 5D | 10.6^ | 6 | 18.8 | 100 | 0 | 50 | 17 | |
| CKD 5T | 47 | 61 | 18.8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14.8 | |
| Immunosuppressed, % | 100 | 100 | 56.3 | NA | NA | 33.3 | 0 | 56.8 |
| Symptoms of COVID-19, % | 81.4 | NA | 81.3 | 7.7 | NA | 66.7 | 100 | 68.2 |
| Admitted, % | 60.2 | 61 | 50 | NA | NA | NA | 100 | 46.6 |
| Respiratory support, % | 22.1 | 17 | 0 | NA | NA | 0 | 50 | 18.2 |
| Acute kidney injury, % | NA | NA | 18.8 | NA | NA | 0 | 0 | 34.2 |
| Death, % | 3.5 | NA | 0 | 0 | NA | 0 | 0 | 3.4 |
| Predictors of severe complications | None#1 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | Reported#2 |
NA not available
*These patients were also included in the study in column 1
^Includes children with glomerular or non-glomerular CKD or CKD5T on dialysis
#1All 4 deaths were reported in low-n-income countries; #2Risk factors included moderate or severe COVID-19; nephrotic syndrome in relapse