Table 3.

Univariate Cox hazard regression analyses with factors affecting the risk for failure of peripheral intravenous access devices

Factor	β	HR	95% CI	P value
Sex of the participant	0.025	1.03	0.98 to 1.07	0.292
Duration of gestation (weeks)	0.014	0.98	0.98 to 0.99	<0.001
Current age since gestation (days)	0.501	0.61	0.37 to 0.99	0.047
Weight at birth (g)	0.072	0.93	0.88 to 0.97	0.002
Current weight (g)	0.037	1.04	1.01 to 1.07	0.010
Successful first attempt of cannulation	0.006	1.01	0.95 to 1.06	0.810
Number of attempts to successful cannulation	0.005	0.99	0.96 to 1.03	0.758
Side of cannulation	0.161	1.18	1.12 to 1.23	<0.001
Site of cannulation on the extremity	0.079	1.08	1.05 to 1.11	<0.001
Size of the inserted intravenous catheter	0.080	0.92	0.89 to 0.96	<0.001
Indication for intravenous treatment	0.292	0.75	0.72 to 0.78	<0.001
Time of the device in situ	0.499	0.61	0.56 to 0.65	<0.001
Application of TLC observation	0.265	1.30	1.13 to 1.50	<0.001
PIVIE Severity Score	0.023	1.02	1.01 to 1.03	<0.001
Application of the ivWatch	0.199	1.22	1.12 to 1.33	<0.001
Application of device fixation glue	0.118	0.89	0.64 to 1.23	0.477

PIVIE, peripheral intravenous infiltration and extravasation; TLC, touch–look–compare.