Table 1.
Newborn clinical signs assessed for in the Alliance for Maternal and Newborn Health Improvement Gestational Age study
| Assessment | Signs |
| Neuromuscular signs | Posture |
| Arm recoil | |
| Scarf sign | |
| Popliteal angle | |
| Heel-to-ear test | |
| Ankle dorsiflexion | |
| Physical signs | Skin: Colour, texture, opacity and presence of lanugo |
| Ear: Shape and recoil | |
| Breast: Nipple–areola development | |
| Male genitalia: Testes and scrotum | |
| Female genitalia: Labia and clitoris | |
| Foot: Plantar creases | |
| Anthropometry | Head circumference (cm) |
| Chest circumference (cm) | |
| Breast bud diameter (mm) | |
| Mid-upper arm circumference (cm) | |
| Foot length (mm) | |
| Infant length (cm) | |
| Symphysis–fundal height (cm) | |
| Weight (g) | |
| Breast feeding Observation | Signs of attachment: more areola above infant’s top lip than below bottom lip; mouth wide open; lower lip everted; chin touching the breast |
| Suckling behaviour: presence of deep, slow sucks with swallowing in between | |
| Duration the infant was able to stay attached to the breast continuously during the feed | |
| Longest continuous burst of suckling (number of sucks) | |
| Suck-to-swallow ratio |