Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2021 Sep 14;21:421. doi: 10.1186/s12870-021-03202-3

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

PMC Copyright notice

Fig. 5 — Acceleration of substitution rates in accD, clpP and ycf1. a Synonymous (dS) and nonsynonymous (dN) divergence in the IRLC species for four chloroplast genes: accD, clpP, ycf1 and matK. Shown are dN (upper) and dS (lower) trees resulting from a codon-based maximum likelihood (ML) analyses performed by RAxML, rooted using three Robinioid sequences (non-IRLC species): Lotus japonicus, Sesbania grandiflora and Robinia pseudoacacia. All trees are drawn to the same scale. The species are in the same order from top to bottom in dN and dS trees of each gene, to the greatest extent possible, and are named in full in Fig. S11. Pink branches in the trees for accD, clpP, and ycf1 represent species in our study. Trees for matK do not show comparable rate heterogeneity at either synonymous or nonsynonymous sites. b-e Significance test for nonsynonymous (dN) (upper) and synonymous (dS) (lower) substitution rates of clpP, accD and ycf1 compared to matK for all the comparisons within both IRLC taxa used in this study (left) and our own 20 species (right). ****, P < 0.0001 (T-test). Detailed information can be found in Tables S8-S11