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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Sep 14.
Published in final edited form as: J Am Coll Cardiol. 2021 Sep 14;78(11):1145–1165. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2021.06.049

Figure 10. MAC and Omics.

Figure 10.

Overview of pathophysiology of MAC and the proposed Omics approaches to study MAC. (Left box) Different proposed pathophysiologic principles suggested triggering and promoting the vascular calcifications including MAC. (Middle section) Calcified sites in the vasculature can be studied with omics at different degrees of resolutions. Bulk omics (bottom) provide a gross tissue profiles. Single cell omics (middle) provide profiles of individual cells. Spatial omics (top) yields profiles of regions represented as the 2D sections of the tissues. (Right box) The proposed approaches have not been systematically applied to study MAC but hold promise to address numerous aspects of calcifications processes providing tangible insights and hypotheses for molecular pathogenesis of MAC.