Figure 3. Linkage of T cell motility and exhaustion phenotypes in human tumors.

(A) Diagram of a fresh tumor split for live-biopsy imaging and flow cytometry. (B) CD8⁺ T cell speed across multiple tumor biopsies. Blue bars represent specimens with motile T cells; black/gray bars represent immotile T cells (speed mean <1 μm/min, indicated by the red dashed line). Each bar (minimum to maximum with the line at the mean) represents the CD8⁺ T cell motility data pooled from 3 or more ROIs in 1 biopsy. (C–J) Flow cytometry of cells from the same tumor biopsies as in B. Percentage data are plotted as bar graphs, and dot plots show normalized geometric MFIs of motile versus immotile groups for comparison. Each dot represented 1 biopsy. *P < 0.05 and **P < 0.01, by Student’s t test. n = 17.