Table 1.

An overview of the different platforms and their current status of the main currently available COVID-19 vaccines.

Vaccine platform	Developer/manufacturer	Name of vaccine	Immunization schedule	Vaccine efficacy	Number of COVID-19 cases
Nucleic acid vaccine	Pfizer, Inc.and BioNTech SE	BNT162b2	Days 0, 21	95.0%	170 (eight in vaccine group)
	Moderna, Inc	mRNA-1273	Days 0, 28	94.0%	196 (11 in vaccine group)
	Inovio Pharmaceuticals	INO-4800	Days 0, 28	–	–
Viral vector vaccine	Institute of Biological Engineering, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, and CanSino Biologics Inc.	Ad5-nCoV	Day 0	68.8%	101
	Johnson & Johnson	Ad26.COV2.S	Day 0	66.0%	464 (116 in vaccine group)
	AstraZeneca/University of Oxford	AZD1222	Days 0, 28	62.1% (two standard doses); 90.0% (low + standard doses)	131 (30 in vaccine group)
	Gamaleya Research Institute/Health Ministry of the Russian Federation	Sputnik V	Days 0, 21	91.4%	78 (16 in vaccine group)
Inactivated vaccine	SINOVAC Biotech Co., Ltd., China	CoronaVac	Days 0, 14 or 28	91.3% (in Turkey); 50.4% (in Brazil)	29 (three in vaccine group)
	Sinopharm, Beijing Institute of Biological Products	BBIBP-CorV	Days 0, 21	78.1%	116 (21 in vaccine group)
	Sinopharm, Wuhan Institute of Biological Products	WIBP-CorV	Days 0, 21	72.5%	121 (26 in vaccine group)
	Bharat Biotech, Ltd.	COVAXIN	Days 0, 28	81.0%	130
Subunit protein vaccine	Novavax	NVX-CoV2373	Days 0, 21	89.3%	62 (six in vaccine group)
	Clover Biopharmaceuticals	SCB-2019	Days 0, 21	–	–
	Anhui Zhifei Longcom Biopharmaceutical	ZF2001	Days 0, 28, 56	–	–

Ad26.COV2.S: Ad26 adenovirus-vectored vaccine; COVID-19: Coronavirus disease 2019.