Table 8.

Comparison of HSMSSA results with other competitors for the tension spring design problem.

Algorithm	Optimum variables			Optimum weight
	d	D	N
HSMSSA	0.05	0.348099	10.6486	0.011007
SMA	0.057372	0.57232	4.1494	0.011584
SSA	0.05936	0.63542	3.4741	0.012256
AO	0.056912	0.55833	4.3271	0.011442
AOA	0.052579	0.41008	8.9843	0.012453
WOA	0.055292	0.47277	6.929	0.012906
SCA	0.0588	0.6172	3.65	0.012057
MVO	0.05251	0.37602	10.33513	0.012790