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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Jun 17.
Published in final edited form as: Dev Neurosci. 2021 Jun 17;43(3-4):201–221. doi: 10.1159/000516657

Figure 2: Multiple high-confidence ASD/ID genes converge on neocortical excitatory synapses.

Figure 2:

A) Several neurodevelopmental disorder (NDD)-associated genes encode for ion channels that are localized throughout the dendrites of neocortical pyramidal neurons.

B) Similarly, NDD-associated genes encode for a range of synaptic proteins essential for synaptic transmission that contribute to dendritic supralinearities.

C) “Covert” NDD-genes include the chromatin modifiers CHD2 and CHD8 and the transcription factor TBR1. They regulate the expression levels of many “overt” NDD-genes as well as additional “covert genes”, which play critical roles in synaptic integration and dendritic processing.

D) FMRP is another “covert” regulator that suppresses the translation of multiple synaptic and dendritic proteins associated with NDDs. These include various ion channels (i.e. NaV1.2 and multiple calcium channels), SHANK scaffolding proteins, SynGAP, neuroligins, and GluRN2B.