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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Sep 30.
Published in final edited form as: Stat Med. 2021 Jun 15;40(22):4850–4871. doi: 10.1002/sim.9099

TABLE 2.

Variables selected (in order and incrementally) for EOG Reading (left) and Math (right) scores. The margin ηmin(λ) expresses the difference in predictive MSE between the best model λmin and the noted subset of variables (in addition to the preceding variables). As the margin decreases to zero, more variables are required to achieve optimal predictive performance. Variables selected by adaptive lasso (*) or credible intervals that exclude zero (+) are also denoted. The indicated groupings of ηmin(λ) are marked in Figure 3.

EOG Reading Scores EOG Math Scores
Margin ηmin(λ) Variable Name Margin ηmin(λ) Variable Name
2.76% of σ2 (Intercept)*+
Temp_T2*+
mEdu:College*+
mRace:NH Black*+
EconDisadv*+
2.6% of σ2 (Intercept)*+
mEdu:College*+
mRace:NH Black*+
EconDisadv*+
0.4% of σ2 PM25_T1*+
mAge*+
mEdu:HS*+
Male*+
NDI_test*+
0.307% of σ2 Temp_T2*+
Temp_T3*+
PM25_T1*+
BWTpct*+
mEdu:HS*+
mRace:Hispanic*+
NotMarried+
PM25:chronic x RI_test*+
0.005% of σ2 Temp_T3*+
PM25_chronic
BWTpct+
WeeksGest+
NotMarried+
PTB+
Smoker
Blood_lead+
PM25:chronic x RI_test
0.013% of σ2 PM25_T3+
mAge+
PM25:chronic
WeeksGest+
Smoker+
Blood_lead+
NDI_test
η = 0 mRace:Hispanic
RI_test
η = 0 PTB
RI_birth
Blood_lead x NDI_birth