Table 4.
Associations Between Social Participation and Elder Mistreatment in Older Women and Men
| Formal Social Participation | Women | Emotional mistreatment | Physical mistreatment | Finanaical mistreatment |
| Adjusted OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | ||
| Attendance at organized meetings | 1.19(0.88-1.61) | 1.29(0.64-2.60) | 1.24(0.84-1.83) | |
| Attendance at religious servicesa,b | 0.99 (0.75-1.33) | 0.83 (0.42-1.60) | 0.88 (0.69-1.12) | |
| Community volunteer work | 1.28 (0.97-1.70) | 1.22 (0.64-2.30) | 1.14 (0.85-1.54) | |
| Broad engagement in all activitiesa | 1.59 (1.09-2.33) | 0.79 (0.26-2.40) | 1.53 (0.98-2.38) | |
| Men | Emotional mistreatment | Physical mistreatment | Finanaical mistreatment | |
| Adjusted OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | ||
| Attendance at organized meetings | 1.34 (1.01-1.93) | 0.56 (0.16-2.01) | 1.33 (0.90-1.97) | |
| Attendance at religious servicesa | 1.23 (0.89-1.71) | 1.17 (0.39-3.50) | 0.65 (0.90-1.97) | |
| Community volunteer work | 1.08 (0.74-1.58) | 1.04 (0.31-3.55) | 0.89 (0.59-1.34) | |
| Broad engagement in all activitiesa,b | 0.92 (0.50-1.70) | 1.03 (0.26-4.14) | 0.65 (0.32-1.30) | |
| Informal Social Participation | Women | Emotional mistreatment Adjusted OR (95% CI) | Physical mistreatment Adjusted OR (95% CI) | Financial mistreatment Adjusted OR (95% CI) |
| Socializing with friends and family | 0.59 (0.44-0.78) | 0.97 (0.43-2.16) | 0.59 (0.42-0.85) | |
| Men | Emotional mistreatment Adjusted OR (95% CI) | Physical mistreatment Adjusted OR (95% CI) | Financial mistreatment Adjusted OR (95% CI) | |
| Socializing with friends and family | 0.86 (0.55-1.33) | 1.29 (0.19-8.78) | 0.82 (0.55-1.24) |
OR = Adjusted Odds Ratio; 95% CI = 95% Confidence Interval.
Bolded results indicate p < .05.
Models adjusted for age, race/ethnicity, education, and NSHAP Comorbidity Index
For models examining attendance at religious services or broad engagement in all formal social activities, analyses were restricted to participants who reported a religious preference.
Defined by involvement in all three forms of formal social participation at least monthly.
Associations involving formal social participation compare participants with monthly or more with participants with less than monthly involvement . Associations involving informal social participation compare individuals with weekly or more socializing with less than weekly socializing.