Table 5.
Associations between chronic diseases and ARDS of COVID-19.
| Chronic diseasesa | Number of included studies | Number of COVID-19 patients with ARDS | Number of COVID-19 patients without ARDS | Prevalence in the ARDS group (%) | Prevalence in the non-ARDS group (%) | I 2 |
Pooled OR
(95% CI) |
P -value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hypertension | 6 | 635 | 1,493 | 58.11 | 38.71 | 0.0 | 2.17 (1.78–2.66) | 0.000 |
| Diabetes | 6 | 635 | 1,493 | 16.54 | 9.58 | 21.5 | 2.32 (1.70–3.17) | 0.000 |
| COPD | 4 | 499 | 986 | 15.23 | 8.01 | 68.4 | 1.35 (0.54–3.37) | 0.516 |
| Cardiovascular disease | ||||||||
| Coronary heart disease | 2 | 449 | 856 | 12.03 | 6.43 | 0.0 | 1.96 (1.32–2.92) | 0.001 |
| Heart failure | 2 | 449 | 856 | 10.69 | 5.26 | 58.4 | 1.85 (0.834–4.11) | 0.130 |
| Unspecified typeb | 3 | 162 | 611 | 10.49 | 7.20 | 0.0 | 2.35 (1.24–4.47) | 0.009 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 3 | 473 | 882 | 12.69 | 6.35 | 71.5 | 1.41 (0.46–4.30) | 0.546 |
| Obesity | 4 | 525 | 1,272 | 28.95 | 12.42 | 70.7 | 2.25 (1.18–4.28) | 0.014 |
| Chronic renal disease | 4 | 499 | 986 | 12.63 | 7.71 | 14.1 | 1.63 (1.14–2.33) | 0.008 |
a
Only data for these chronic diseases were available to conduct meta-analyses.
b
The included studies did not mention the specific type of disease in this category.