Table 3.
Biochemical parameters [mean (SD)] of the study group and control group before and after treatment
| Investigation | Study group (n = 30) | Control group (n = 30) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | End line | Baseline | End line | |
| Renal function test | ||||
| BUN (7.0–21 mg/dL) | 12.08 (3.96) | 9.73 (2.41) | 11.68 (3.66) | 10.86 (2.14) |
| Creatinine (0.9–1.3 mg/dL) | 0.99 (0.12) | 0.89 (0.11) | 0.94 (0.18) | 0.98 (0.16) |
| Electrolytes | ||||
| Bicarbonate (22–29 mmol/L) | 22.19 (0.79) | 22.19 (0.50) | 22.71 (0.94) | 21.97 (0.83) |
| Chloride (98–107 mmol/L) | 97.98 (2.89) | 98.43 (2.47) | 98.32 (3.36) | 98.94 (3.79) |
| Potassium (3.5–5.1 mmol/L) | 4.21 (0.49) | 4.51 (0.47) | 4.69 (0.51) | 4.25 (0.55) |
| Sodium (136–145 mmol/L) | 142.88 (2.8) | 140.49 (1.88) | 141.59 (3.38) | 141.14 (2.66) |
| Liver function test | ||||
| SGOT* (5–40 U/L) | 33.05 (25.53–47.70) | 27.65 (22.32–33.25) | 26 (23.27–30.95) | 26.15 (22.55–31.52) |
| SGPT* (5–41 U/L) | 37.75 (22.60–52.15) | 29.60 (20.70–41.15) | 23 (16–31.92) | 27.85 (21.85–37.87) |
| Alkaline phosphatase (53–128 U/L) | 74.26 (17.68) | 76.71 (19.63) | 89.45 (18.35) | 86.68 (21.18) |
| Albumin (3.5–5.2 gm/dL) | 4.34 (0.19) | 4.32 (0.19) | 4.27 (0.20) | 4.31 (0.21) |
| Globulin (2.3–3.6 gm/dL) | 3.33 (0.31) | 3.29 (0.27) | 3.49 (0.39) | 2.71 (0.41) |
| AG ratio (1.1–2.2) | 1.31 (0.16) | 1.32 (0.11) | 1.23 (0.14) | 1.62 (0.21) |
| Total protein (6.0–8.0 gm/dL) | 7.67 (0.31) | 7.59 (0.38) | 7.77 (0.37) | 7.03 (0.44) |
| GGT* (< 55 U/L) | 27.65 (19.33–40.40) | 28.05 (22.22–35.60) | 27.95 (21.40–41.02) | 25 (20.57–43.92) |
| Total bilirubin (0.1–1.2 mg/dL) | 0.81 (0.34) | 0.80 (0.33) | 0.48 (0.15) | 0.50 (0.16) |
| Bilirubin direct (0.0–0.3 mg/dL) | 0.25 (0.07) | 0.22 (0.05) | 0.16 (0.04) | 0.16 (0.03) |
| Bilirubin indirect (0.1–1.0 mg/dL) | 0.55 (0.27) | 0.59 (0.27) | 0.32 (0.12) | 0.33 (0.13) |
| Blood sugar | ||||
| HbA1c | 5.93 (1.65) | 5.99 (1.66) | 6.69 (2.29) | 6.68 (2.23) |
| Inflammatory marker | ||||
| CRP* (≤ 6 mg/L) | 3.97 (1.6–6.5) | 1.60 (1.0–5.32) | 4.05 (1.45–7.4) | 2 (1.15–4.25) |
| Complete blood count | ||||
| Total RBC count (4.2–5.4 mill/cu.mm) | 5.14 (0.52) | 5.05 (0.49) | 4.87 (0.55) | 4.67 (0.56) |
| Total leukocyte count (4000–11,000 cells/cu.mm) | 6667.33 (2071) | 7277.03 (1419.75) | 7000.00 (1866.56) | 8167.33 (1629.38) |
| Neutrophils (40–75%) | 57.09 (10.33) | 59.50 (6.91) | 50.15 (8.40) | 52.81 (6.66) |
| Lymphocytes (20–45%) | 33.68 (8.77) | 32.26 (6.86) | 40.19 (7.45) | 38.22 (6.66) |
| Eosinophils* (01–06%) | 1.6 (0.75–2.9) | 2.3 (1.10–3.22) | 1.7 (0.70–2.9) | 1.8 (1.37–2.62) |
| Basophils (00–02%) | 0.4 (0.2) | 0.26 (0.14) | 0.38 (0.11) | 0.15 (0.06) |
| Monocytes (01–10%) | 6.24 (1.78) | 5.40 (1.24) | 7.09 (1.71) | 6.37 (1.24) |
| Absolute neutrophil count (1.5–6.6 × 103/μL) | 3.94 (1.76) | 4.32 (1.10) | 3.57 (1.30) | 4.31 (1.03) |
| Absolute lymphocyte count (1.5–3.5 × 103/μL) | 2.13 (0.54) | 2.29 (0.52) | 2.76 (0.77) | 3.11 (0.83) |
| Absolute eosinophil count* (0.04–0.44 × 103/μL) | 0.11 (0.04–0.16) | 0.15 (0.08–0.24) | 0.12 (0.04–0.18) | 0.15 (0.10–0.23) |
| Absolute basophil count (< 0.2 × 103/μL) | 0.02 (0.01) | 0.02 (0.01) | 0.02 (0.01) | 0.02 (0.01) |
| Absolute monocyte count (< 1.0 × 103/μL) | 0.39 (0.09) | 0.38 (0.09) | 0.49 (0.18) | 0.52 (0.16) |
| Platelet count (150–450 × 103/μL) | 274.53 (80.13) | 315.60 (81.41) | 298.30 (69.65) | 303.33 (86.00) |
| PCT (0.18–0.28%) | 0.27 (0.07) | 0.31 (0.07) | 0.29 (0.06) | 0.28 (0.07) |
| MPV (8.0–13.3 fL) | 10.14 (0.99) | 10.41 (1.18) | 10.12 (1.14) | 9.38 (0.74) |
| Hemoglobin (12.5–16.0 g/dL) | 14.54 (1.56) | 14.37 (1.47) | 13.61 (1.85) | 13.43 (1.84) |
| MCH (27–32 pg) | 28.38 (2.95) | 28.57 (2.74) | 27.98 (3.33) | 28.84 (3.49) |
| MCHC (32–36 g/dL) | 32.75 (1.56) | 33.79 (0.98) | 32.85 (1.32) | 34.71 (1.18) |
| MCV (78–100 fL) | 86.49 (6.48) | 84.43 (6.63) | 85.02 (7.85) | 82.98 (8.16) |
| PCV (37–47%) | 44.33 (3.83) | 42.47 (3.82) | 41.33 (4.90) | 38.66 (4.75) |
| RDW-CV (11.5–16.0 %) | 14.09 (1.72) | 13.24 (1.57) | 14.13 (1.83) | 13.34 (1.96) |
| RDW-SD (39–46 fL) | 42.4 (3.46) | 39.05 (4.12) | 41.86 (5.53) | 38.50 (5.27) |
Note: Data expressed in mean (SD); *data expressed as median (IQR)
BUN blood urea nitrogen, SGOT serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, SGPT serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase, AG ratio albumin/globulin ratio, GGT gamma glutamyl transpeptidase, CRP C-reactive protein, PCT plateletcrit, MPV mean platelet value, MCH mean corpuscular hemoglobin, MCHC mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, MCV mean corpuscular volume, PCV packed cell volume, RDW-CV red blood cell distribution width coefficient variant, RDW-SD red blood cell distribution width standard deviation